What causes extended periods?


Editorial team Published on

A prolonged period—medically defined as bleeding lasting longer than seven days—is frequently caused by hormonal imbalances, uterine growths, or specific medical conditions.

Common Causes of Prolonged Periods

  • Hormonal Imbalances: Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone (often due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, obesity, or perimenopause) can cause the uterine lining to become too thick and shed slowly over an extended time.
  • Uterine Fibroids and Polyps: These noncancerous growths in or on the uterine wall or lining can cause prolonged and heavy bleeding.
  • Adenomyosis: A condition where the tissue that normally lines the uterus grows into its outer muscular wall, leading to longer, painful periods.
  • Endometriosis: Growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus can disrupt normal pelvic function and cause prolonged bleeding.
  • Medications: Blood thinners (anticoagulants) and certain hormonal contraceptives or copper IUDs can alter typical bleeding patterns.
  • Bleeding Disorders: Inherited conditions like von Willebrand disease affect blood clotting and can significantly lengthen menstrual flow.
  • Pregnancy Complications: Early pregnancy loss (miscarriage) or ectopic pregnancy can present as sudden, prolonged, or heavy bleeding.