What is calculated in box 1 of W-2?

Asked by: Bryana Lynch  |  Last update: November 13, 2025
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Box 1 "Wages, tips, other compensation": This is federal, taxable income for payments in the calendar year. The amount is calculated as YTD earnings minus pre- tax retirement and pre-tax benefit deductions plus taxable benefits (i.e., certain educational benefits).

What is box 1 of the W-2 used to show?

This identifies your address, city, state, and zip code. Numbered Boxes on W-2 form: Box 1: Wages, tips, other compensation. Box 1 reports your total taxable wages or salary for federal income tax purposes. This figure includes your wages, salary, tips reported, bonuses and other taxable compensation.

Is box 1 on W-2 adjusted gross income?

The amount reported in box 1 (Wages, Tips and Other Compensation) is an employee's "taxable compensation", not gross wages. Taxable compensation is gross wages (the total amount of earnings on your earnings statement) less those items the IRS considers "non-taxable."

What is the difference between box 1 and box 3 on my W-2?

Box 1 (Wages, Tips and Other Compensation) represents the amount of compensation taxable for federal income tax purposes while box 3 (Social Security Wages) represents the portion taxable for social security purposes and box 5 (Medicare Wages) represents the portion taxable for Medicare tax purposes.

What is the difference between total gross and Fed taxable gross?

Gross Earnings is the amount earned before any deductions. Fed Taxable Gross is the total wages reported to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to be taxed.

Total Amount from Forms W-2, Box 1 & Household Employee Wages - Income Tax 2023

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How to calculate box 1 on W2?

The amount in Box 1 will generally be the “YTD Gross” under the Summary section of your final earnings statement, minus any pre-tax deductions such as health/dental/vision insurance, flexible spending accounts, retirement and tax-deferred savings plans, etc.

Do social security and medicare taxes count as federal withholding?

Employers are required by law to withhold employment taxes from their employees. Employment taxes include federal income tax withholding and Social Security and Medicare Taxes.

Is Box 1 W-2 before or after taxes?

Answer: The amount in Box 1 represents Taxable Earnings which is your YTD Earnings minus tax-deferred retirement contributions as well as pre-tax benefits such as medical, dental, health care reimbursement, dependent care reimbursement, parking and vision insurance.

Which box on W-2 is refunded?

Box 2 on our W2 is the amount of tax withheld from your wages. However, this does not tell you how much you will get back. On your form 1040, you will see your refund on line 34. If you owe, the amount will be on line 37.

How to calculate gross income from W-2?

You can calculate your gross monthly income from your W2 by taking the Wages, Tips, and Other Compensation figure in Box 1 on your W2 and dividing that number by 12. This becomes your estimated monthly gross income.

Should box 1 on W2 match my salary?

Box 1: Wages, Tips, and Other Compensation

This part of Form W-2 doesn't include amounts given to retirement plans or other payroll deductions. Because it subtracts other deductions, it's often less than the amounts shown in Boxes 2 and 3. Therefore, it may be lower than the amount on a final pay stub.

How do I figure out my adjusted gross income?

The AGI calculation is relatively straightforward. It is equal to the total income you report that's subject to income tax—such as earnings from your job, self-employment, dividends and interest from a bank account—minus specific deductions, or “adjustments” that you're eligible to take.

Why is my tax return rejected because of AGI?

When you enter your prior year AGI or PIN, it must match the IRS master file exactly. If your return was rejected for an AGI or PIN mismatch, it means that what you entered doesn't match their records. The IRS only requires one of these to match their records to get accepted. Most people use their prior year AGI.

How to read a W-2 for dummies?

The right side of Form W-2 reports wages, taxes withheld, and benefits.
  1. Box 1: Taxable wages, tips, and other compensation. ...
  2. Box 2: Federal income tax withheld. ...
  3. Box 3: Social security wages. ...
  4. Box 4: Social security tax withheld. ...
  5. Box 5: Medicare wages and tips. ...
  6. Box 6: Medicare tax withheld.

How to calculate taxable income?

For individual filers, calculating federal taxable income starts by taking all income minus “above the line” deductions and exemptions, like certain retirement plan contributions, higher education expenses, student loan interest, and alimony payments, among others.

Where is adjusted gross income on W-2?

So, where is Adjusted Gross Income on W2 forms? The answer is—it's not there. AGI is something you calculate from several sources, but it's not shown on a W-2. But you will need your W-2 tax form to start the calculation.

Is Box 1 on W-2 what I get back?

Box 1 "Wages, tips, other compensation": This is federal, taxable income for payments in the calendar year. The amount is calculated as YTD earnings minus pre- tax retirement and pre-tax benefit deductions plus taxable benefits (i.e., certain educational benefits).

Are reimbursements taxable on W-2?

Reimbursements as part of an accountable plan are not taxed and should not be reimbursed through payroll. It's best to keep these reimbursements separate both in payments and reporting. Non-accountable plan reimbursements are taxed as wages and should be reported as and paid out as payroll.

Are dependent care benefits included in box 1?

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Your employer will also include in your wages shown in box 1 of your Form W-2 any dependent care benefits that exceed the maximum amount of dependent care benefits allowed to be excluded. The maximum amount is $5,000 ($2,500 if married filing separately).

What is the difference between box 1 and 2 on W-2?

Difference between Box 1, Box 3 and Box 5

Box 1 = Total taxable wages for the year. Box 2 = Total federal income tax withheld from Box 1. Box 3 = Total wages subject to Social Security tax. Box 4 = Total Social Security tax withheld from Box 3.

Is Social Security taxed before or after Medicare is deducted?

Taxation Order: Social Security and Medicare deductions follow a specific taxation order. Generally, Social Security benefits are subject to taxation based on a portion of the benefits received. Once the taxable portion of Social Security benefits is determined, Medicare premiums are deducted from the remaining amount.

Why is box 1 higher than box 3 on W-2?

In some instances, Box 1 can be higher than Box 3. After an employee earns above the Social Security wage base, they no longer need to pay Social Security tax. Because earnings above the Social Security wage base aren't subject to SS tax, don't report them in Box 3.

At what age is Social Security no longer taxed?

Social Security income can be taxable no matter how old you are. It all depends on whether your total combined income exceeds a certain level set for your filing status. You may have heard that Social Security income is not taxed after age 70; this is false.

Is it better to claim 1 or 0 on your taxes?

By placing a “0” on line 5, you are indicating that you want the most amount of tax taken out of your pay each pay period. If you wish to claim 1 for yourself instead, then less tax is taken out of your pay each pay period.

Do you get Medicare tax back?

Yes. If your employer withheld the 0.9% Additional Medicare Tax from your wages or compensation, and you will not meet the threshold based on your filing status, then the amount that was withheld from your wages or compensation may be refundable to you.