What is the law on unpaid medical bills in Texas?

Asked by: Bennett Rolfson II  |  Last update: September 3, 2025
Score: 4.1/5 (67 votes)

Under Texas laws, the statute of limitations on medical bills debts is 4 years. This means that if your healthcare provider does not initiate a lawsuit within 4 years, they cannot sue you to recover your unpaid balances.

What happens if I don't pay my medical bills in Texas?

Can medical debt be sent to collections? Many people believe that medical debt is different from other kinds of debt. While there are a couple of protections for consumers who owe medical debt, in most cases it is no different. Medical debt can be sent to a collections agency like any other debt.

How long before a medical debt is uncollectible in Texas?

In Texas, the statute of limitations for medical debt is still four years. But the clock starts ticking on the date the services were provided, not when you received the bill or made a payment. If you had a medical procedure and didn't pay, the provider has four years to sue for unpaid debt.

What are the consequences of unpaid medical bills?

Medical debt can also lead people to avoid medical care, develop physical and mental health problems, and face adverse financial consequences like lawsuits, wage and bank account garnishment, home liens, and bankruptcy.

Can a hospital turn you away for unpaid bills?

Even if you owe a hospital for past-due bills, that hospital cannot turn you away from its emergency room. This is your right under a federal law called the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA).

State of Texas: Medical debt lawsuits hit Texas hospital patients

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How can I get out of unpaid medical bills?

7 Tips for Paying Off Medical Debt and Avoiding Collections
  1. Review your bills. ...
  2. Negotiate your medical costs. ...
  3. See if you qualify for an income-driven hardship plan. ...
  4. Look for financial assistance or charity care programs. ...
  5. Consider a payment plan. ...
  6. Use medical credit cards. ...
  7. Consider a medical bill advocate.

Can a hospital force you to stay if you can't pay?

In short, you have the right to leave the hospital without paying your bill. Whether you have paid or not has no impact on your right to make a medical decision. Additionally, you may leave without signing the discharge form. The healthcare provider would still consider this as leaving against medical advice.

How often do hospitals sue for unpaid bills?

A smaller number (about 25%) sell patients' debts to debt collectors and about 20% deny nonemergency care to people with outstanding debt. More than two-thirds of hospitals in the sample sue patients or take other legal action against them.

Do you have to go to court for unpaid medical bills?

Unpaid medical bills can lead to severe legal consequences, including actions from healthcare providers or debt collectors. Ignoring these actions may result in court orders and, in extreme cases, jail time due to contempt of court. Addressing unpaid medical bills promptly is essential to avoid such outcomes.

Do unpaid medical bills eventually go away?

It takes seven years for medical debt to disappear from your credit report. And even then, the debt never actually goes away. If you've had a recent hospital stay or an unpleasant visit to your doctor, worrying about the credit bureaus is likely the last thing you want to do.

Can you go to jail for medical debt in Texas?

The information below explains what is considered to be abuse and harassment under the law. Likewise, debt collectors cannot lie about who they are or what they can do to get you to pay a debt. You cannot be arrested for a debt.

Can you ignore a medical bill?

You can take steps to make sure that the medical bill is correctly calculated and that you get any available financial or necessary legal help. If you do nothing and don't pay, you could be facing late fees and interest, debt collection, lawsuits, garnishments, and lower credit scores.

Can a hospital bill you 2 years later in Texas?

It requires health care service providers to bill a patient no later than the first day of the 11th month after services were provided. If the bill is not sent within the timeframe in the law, the health care service provider cannot try to collect payment for certain charges.

Can a hospital take your house for unpaid medical bills?

The short answer is yes, it is possible to lose your home over unpaid medical bills though the doctor or hospital would have to be willing to go to a lot of effort to make that happen. Medical debt is classified as unsecured debt. This means that your debt isn't tied to any collateral.

Can Texas garnish wages for medical bills?

Texas Law. This section of the Texas Constitution prohibits wage garnishment except for child support and spousal maintenance.

Is medical debt being forgiven?

Thanks to the American Rescue Plan (ARP), states, counties, and cities are canceling an estimated $7 billion in medical debt for up to nearly 3 million Americans, including: Arizona is using ARP funds to relieve an estimated up to $2 billion in medical debt for up to 1 million Arizonans.

Can a hospital sue you for unpaid medical bills in Texas?

Legal Action: Persistent non-payment can lead to legal action. Healthcare providers or collections agencies may sue you to recover the debt, potentially resulting in wage garnishment or liens on your property.

What is the medical debt Cancellation Act 2024?

SB 1061 by Senator Monique Limón (D-Santa Barbara) targets the devastating impact of medical debt on consumers. Under this new law, medical debt will no longer be included on consumers' credit reports, ensuring that people are not penalized for the high costs of necessary healthcare.

How to negotiate unpaid medical bills?

Here are a few tips to help you decipher your bill.
  1. Request an itemized bill. ...
  2. Double-check your medical codes. ...
  3. Compare prices. ...
  4. Offer to pay upfront. ...
  5. Try a payment plan. ...
  6. Negotiate based on comparable rates.

Can a hospital refuse treatment for unpaid bills?

If medical debt goes unpaid for a period of time, a hospital or other health care provider may decide to stop providing you services.

What happens if you don't pay medical bills under $500?

Waiting to pay can be beneficial

That means if the card becomes delinquent, even debts under $500 can appear on your credit report and hurt your score. Despite the potential consequences of ignoring a medical debt, there are some advantages to letting the bill go unpaid.

What happens after 7 years of not paying debt?

In general, most debt will fall off your credit report after seven years, but some types of debt can stay for up to 10 years or even indefinitely. Certain types of debt or derogatory marks, such as tax liens and paid medical debt collections, will not typically show up on your credit report.

What happens if you ignore medical bills?

Ignoring Medical Bills Creates Problems: Credit Score Damage, Debt Collectors, Lawsuits. Explore Solutions: Payment Plans, Financial Aid, & Potential Personal Injury Claim. CA Personal Injury Attorney: Protect Your Rights & Fight for Compensation (GJEL Accident Attorneys).

Can a hospital turn you away if you have no money?

If you have a serious medical problem, hospitals must treat you regardless of whether you have insurance. This includes situations that meet the definition of an emergency. Some situations may not be considered true emergencies, such as: Going to the ER for non-life-threatening care.

What is the EMTALA law in Texas?

EMTALA guarantees essential emergency care to all individuals by requiring emergency departments to provide all patients who have emergency medical conditions with the treatment required to stabilize their condition.