What is the surprise billing law in Texas?

Asked by: Hulda Mann DVM  |  Last update: October 28, 2025
Score: 4.6/5 (51 votes)

The federal No Surprises Act protects Texas consumers from surprise bills for: Air ambulance services. Emergency care. Care provided at in-network facilities when the patient didn't have a choice of doctors.

Is surprise billing illegal in Texas?

Additionally, Texas law protects patients from surprise medical bills in emergencies and when a patient receives covered medical services from an out-of-network provider at an in-network facility.

What counts as surprise billing?

“Surprise billing” is an unexpected balance bill. This can happen when you can't control who is involved in your care — like when you have an emergency or when you schedule a visit at an in-network facility but are unexpectedly treated by an out-of-network provider.

How do I dispute a surprise medical bill in Texas?

If you think you've been wrongly billed, contact the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services at 1-800-985-3059 or the Texas Department of Insurance at 1-800-252-3439. Visit https://www.cms.gov/nosurprises/consumers for more information about your rights under federal law.

Can a doctor bill you two years later in Texas?

Texas has a "timely billing" law. It requires health care service providers to bill a patient no later than the first day of the 11th month after services were provided. If the bill is not sent within the timeframe in the law, the health care service provider cannot try to collect payment for certain charges.

Loophole could affect Texas surprise medical bill law | KVUE

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How far back can a doctor's office bill you?

“It's normally within three to six years,” Gross explains. “[But] even after that time, the hospital can still try to collect.” These time frames are called medical billing time limits, which is how long it's allowed to take to submit a claim to the payer—whether that's you or your insurance.

Is there a time limit on medical bills in Texas?

So yes, it is true. There is a statute of limitations on hospital bills, and in Texas that is four years. So if your healthcare provider does not initiate a lawsuit within four years of when you were treated, they can no longer come after you for any unpaid balances.

How to negotiate a surprise medical bill?

Here are a few tips to help you decipher your bill.
  1. Request an itemized bill. ...
  2. Double-check your medical codes. ...
  3. Compare prices. ...
  4. Offer to pay upfront. ...
  5. Try a payment plan. ...
  6. Negotiate based on comparable rates.

What is the No Surprise Billing Act 2024?

December 12, 2024 – The No Surprises Act, a law that ended the practice of “balance billing” by certain out-of-network providers, was enacted as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 on December 27, 2020.

What are unethical billing practices?

These may include sudden and significant bill increases without transparent explanations, discrepancies between agreed-upon rates and invoiced amounts, and vague or inconsistent billing practices.

How common is surprise billing?

The report showed that surprise billing is common among those with private insurance—nearly one in five patients who go to the emergency room, have an elective surgery, or give birth in a hospital receive surprise bills, with average costs ranging from $750 to $2,600 per episode.

What is the No Surprise billing act for dummies?

Under the No Surprises Act:

Out-of-network providers of emergency services may not bill more than the in-network cost sharing allowed based on the consumer's plan or insurance coverage. protections after receiving a written notice (in instances where consent is permitted).

Do you have to pay ER bills in Texas?

Emergency rooms cannot deny you medical care, even if you can't cover the cost or don't have insurance. Despite this protection, they can still bill you for the services rendered.

What is an example of surprise billing?

A consumer goes to an in-network lab or imaging center for tests and the doctor who reads the results is not in their health insurer's network. That doctor then bills the consumer for their services creating a surprise bill.

Why is my Er bill so high?

Is this based on severity? Hospitals will bill you for a line item called “ER Visit Level” that is based on the complexity of your treatment. ER visit levels range from 1-5: ER visit level 1 is the most mild, while ER visit level 5 is the most severe.

Can a hospital sue you for unpaid medical bills in Texas?

Under current Texas law, the hospital is within its right to sue former patients for medical debt.

What is the no surprise billing in Texas?

Federal law

The federal No Surprises Act protects Texas consumers from surprise bills for: Air ambulance services. Emergency care. Care provided at in-network facilities when the patient didn't have a choice of doctors.

What is required in a no surprise billing act notice?

The NSA Notice must include: (1) a plain-language summary of the consumer protections afforded by the NSA; (2) a plain-language summary of any applicable state balance billing law; and (3) appropriate contact information for state and federal agencies that an individual may contact if the individual believes the ...

How many states have surprise billing laws?

Yes. Many states established their own protections against surprise medical billing before the No Surprises Act was enacted. As of February 5, 2021, 33 states had enacted legislation providing some protection for consumers from surprise bills.

Does Medicare allow surprise billing?

This is called “balance billing.” An unexpected balance bill from an out-of-network provider is also called a surprise medical bill. People with Medicare and Medicaid already enjoy these protections and are not at risk for surprise billing.

How to get out of paying medical bills?

Ask if the provider will accept an interest-free repayment plan. Look for help paying medical bills, prescription drugs, and other expenses. Some nonprofit organizations provide financial help as well as help for drugs necessary for your medical care or even certain medical conditions.

Why am I being charged more than my copay?

Non-Covered Services: Some medical services or prescription medications may not be covered by your insurance plan. If this is the case, you will be responsible for the full cost of the service or medication, which may exceed your copayment.

Can a hospital bill you 2 years later in Texas?

It requires health care service providers to bill a patient no later than the first day of the 11th month after services were provided. If the bill is not sent within the timeframe in the law, the health care service provider cannot try to collect payment for certain charges.

Can a hospital turn you away for unpaid bills?

Even if you owe a hospital for past-due bills, that hospital cannot turn you away from its emergency room. This is your right under a federal law called the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA).

Can a debt collector restart the clock on my old debt?

Keep in mind that making a partial payment or acknowledging you owe an old debt, even after the statute of limitations expired, may restart the time period. It may also be affected by terms in the contract with the creditor or if you moved to a state where the laws differ.