How do rich people avoid capital gains tax?

Asked by: Ms. Dulce Gerlach I  |  Last update: December 24, 2025
Score: 4.2/5 (3 votes)

“It is a simple fact that billionaires in America can live very extraordinarily well completely tax-free off their wealth,” law professor Edward J. McCaffery writes. They can do so by borrowing large sums against their unrealized capital gains, without generating taxable income.

How do wealthy avoid capital gains tax?

Wealthy family buys stocks, bonds, real estate, art, or other high-value assets. It strategically holds on to these assets and allows them to grow in value. The family won't owe income tax on the growth in the assets' value unless it sells them and makes a profit.

How can I legally avoid capital gains tax?

7 ways to avoid capital gains tax on stocks for any investor
  1. Donate stock to charity.
  2. Hold stock shares for more than one year.
  3. Invest in retirement accounts.
  4. Pass it on in your estate plans.
  5. Sell stocks when you're in a lower tax bracket.
  6. Offset your capital gains with losses (aka tax-loss harvesting).

Where do wealthy take their money to avoid taxes?

Billionaires (usually) don't sell valuable stock. So how do they afford the daily expenses of life, whether it's a new pleasure boat or a social media company? They borrow against their stock. This revolving door of credit allows them to buy what they want without incurring a capital gains tax.

How to pay 0 capital gains tax?

Capital gains tax rates

A capital gains rate of 0% applies if your taxable income is less than or equal to: $47,025 for single and married filing separately; $94,050 for married filing jointly and qualifying surviving spouse; and. $63,000 for head of household.

How the rich avoid paying taxes

28 related questions found

What is the loophole of capital gains tax?

Second, capital gains taxes on accrued capital gains are forgiven if the asset holder dies—the so-called “Angel of Death” loophole. The basis of an asset left to an heir is “stepped up” to the asset's current value.

At what age do you no longer have to pay capital gains tax?

Current tax law does not allow you to take a capital gains tax break based on your age. In the past, the IRS granted people over the age of 55 a tax exemption for home sales, though this exclusion was eliminated in 1997 in favor of the expanded exemption for all homeowners.

What are the tax loopholes for the rich?

Policymakers have adopted the principle that capital income should be taxed at lower rates than labor income. So if at all possible, top earners will find ways to disguise their labor income as “capital” income. And one way to do that is by changing the corporate form of the businesses they own and operate themselves.

How to borrow against assets to avoid capital gains?

The strategy known as “Buy, Borrow, Die” involves purchasing assets that are expected to increase in value and using leverage by borrowing against them. This approach allows you to pass on the assets to your heirs, who can then sidestep capital gains tax liabilities upon inheritance.

How do millionaires live off interest?

In fact, many wealthy people can and do "live off the interest." That is, they put a chunk of their fortune in a relatively safe collection of income-generating assets and live off of that—allowing them to be more adventurous with the rest.

How do I become exempt from capital gains tax?

To avoid paying capital gains taxes entirely, one option you may want to discuss with your tax advisor is to give certain appreciated investments away — either to charity or to your beneficiaries as part of your estate plan.

Can I reinvest my capital gains to avoid taxes?

By reinvesting your capital gains into an opportunity zone fund, you can defer or even reduce your capital gains tax. Investments held for at least 10 years can benefit from a permanent exclusion from taxable income on new gains.

Do I have to buy another house to avoid capital gains?

Can You Avoid Capital Gains Tax On Real Estate? It's possible to legally defer or avoid paying capital gains tax when you sell a home. You can avoid capital gains tax when you sell your primary residence by buying another house and using the 121 home sale exclusion.

Is there a legal way to avoid capital gains tax?

Use tax-advantaged accounts

Retirement accounts such as 401(k) plans, and individual retirement accounts offer tax-deferred investment. You don't pay income or capital gains taxes on assets while they remain in the account. However, you will pay income taxes when you withdraw money from the account.

What is the inherited capital gains tax loophole?

When someone inherits investment assets, the IRS resets the asset's original cost basis to its value at the date of the inheritance. The heir then pays capital gains taxes on that basis. The result is a loophole in tax law that reduces or even eliminates capital gains tax on the sale of these inherited assets.

How many people have 1 billion dollars?

Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed U.S. dollar billionaire in 1916. As of April 2024, there are 2,781 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over US$14.2 trillion, up from US$12.2 trillion in 2023.

How do billionaires avoid capital gains?

“It is a simple fact that billionaires in America can live very extraordinarily well completely tax-free off their wealth,” law professor Edward J. McCaffery writes. They can do so by borrowing large sums against their unrealized capital gains, without generating taxable income.

How do billionaires avoid estate taxes?

The long-favored grantor-retained annuity trusts (GRATs) can confer big tax savings during recessions. These trusts pay a fixed annuity during the trust term, which is usually two years, and any appreciation of the assets' value is not subject to estate tax.

What costs can be offset against capital gains?

Taxable capital gains and losses are calculated after deducting:
  • The costs of acquisition and enhancing the asset.
  • Incidental costs of buying and selling, including Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT), Land and Buildings Transaction Tax (LBTT), Land Transaction Tax (LTT), legal fees, agent fees etc.

How does Jeff Bezos avoid taxes?

In some years, billionaires such as Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk and George Soros paid no federal income taxes at all. Billionaires avoid these taxes by taking out special ultra-low-interest loans available only to them and using their assets as collateral.

What is the IRS loophole?

The basic definition of a tax loophole is a provision in the tax code that allows taxpayers to reduce their tax liability. However, this definition should be expanded to include shortcomings of the law that were not obvious when legislated.

How to pass money to heirs tax free?

Strategies to transfer wealth without a heavy tax burden include creating an irrevocable trust, engaging in annual gifting, forming a family limited partnership, or forming a generation-skipping transfer trust.

What is the one-time capital gains exemption?

You can sell your primary residence and avoid paying capital gains taxes on the first $250,000 of your profits if your tax-filing status is single, and up to $500,000 if married and filing jointly. The exemption is only available once every two years. But it can, in effect, render the capital gains tax moot.

Do people over 65 have to pay capital gains tax?

Key takeaways. Seniors must pay capital gains taxes at the same rates as everyone else—no special age-based exemption exists.

What is the 6 year rule for capital gains tax?

Here's how it works: Taxpayers can claim a full capital gains tax exemption for their principal place of residence (PPOR). They also can claim this exemption for up to six years if they move out of their PPOR and then rent it out. There are some qualifying conditions for leaving your principal place of residence.